02PAPER 02 / ECOLOGY25 Aug 202617 min

WU—LIAO / 无不吴聊

Adaptation Without Agency

没有主体性的适应

Plant intelligence, continuity and civilisation across our conversations with Zheng Jiang

我们与郑江的对话:植物智能、连续性与文明

Source frame from Wu Qian's conversation with Zheng Jiang
Zheng Jiang / 郑江
ABSTRACT / 摘要

The Zheng Jiang sequence begins with plant instinct and expands toward metabolism, consciousness, missing parts, purpose and the ship of Zheng He. Its recurring question is not whether change occurs but what, if anything, can organise continuity through change. This paper argues that adaptation becomes politically ambivalent when survival is separated from the capacity to refuse. Plant life offers neither moral purity nor a decorative ecological metaphor; it provides a material test for how environments reorganise form, memory and response.

郑江系列从植物本能出发,延伸到新陈代谢、意识、缺失、目的与郑和的船。反复出现的问题并不是变化是否发生,而是什么能够在变化中组织连续性。本文主张,当生存与拒绝能力被分离时,适应就呈现政治上的双重性。植物生命既不是道德纯洁的象征,也不是装饰性的生态比喻;它为环境如何重组形态、记忆与回应能力提供物质检验。

KEYWORDSadaptationplant intelligencecivilisationcontinuityagencyresilience
VISUAL FIELD / 视觉现场05 IMAGES
Encounter with a field participant
01 / RELATED RESEARCH IMAGE / 关联研究图像Encounter with a field participant人物与相遇

The image holds a moment of proximity between the camera, the place and the person encountered there.

画面保留镜头、地点与现场相遇者之间的一段接近。

Works and reading material in a display room
02 / RELATED RESEARCH IMAGE / 关联研究图像Works and reading material in a display room作品与空间

The room links artworks, publications and furniture as a small ecology of looking, reading and staying.

空间把作品、出版物与家具连接成观看、阅读与停留的小型生态。

Plant and drawing detail
03 / RELATED RESEARCH IMAGE / 关联研究图像Plant and drawing detail植物与绘画

Plant matter interrupts the boundary between representation and the living material represented.

植物材料打断再现与被再现生命材料之间的边界。

Encounter with the Future Feeler display
04 / RELATED RESEARCH IMAGE / 关联研究图像Encounter with the Future Feeler display展览语境

A body standing before the display turns exhibition viewing into a scale relation between image, text and visitor.

身体站在陈列前,使展览观看成为图像、文字与观看者之间的尺度关系。

Plant installation room
05 / RELATED RESEARCH IMAGE / 关联研究图像Plant installation room参与式环境

The room treats living growth, furniture and exhibition architecture as one unstable spatial system.

空间把生命生长、家具与展览建筑视为同一不稳定系统。

HOW WE READ / 我们如何阅读

We place the plant, seed, body, algorithm, missing part and ship beside one another, using each change of scale to test how continuity and agency are imagined.

我们把植物、种子、身体、算法、缺失部位与船并置,让每一次尺度变化都成为检验连续性与主体性如何被想象的方法。

01

Plant instinct is situated intelligence

植物本能是一种在地智能

In 'Plant Instinct', plants become a counterpoint to the human claim that civilisation means greater intelligence. The comparison does not require plants to resemble people. Their intelligence appears in the fit between morphology and condition: the capacity to sense light, weather, soil, competition and duration without centralising those relations in a single organ or conscious declaration.

在《植物的本能》中,植物成为“文明等于更高智能”这一人类主张的反向参照。比较并不要求植物像人。植物智能显现在形态与条件之间的契合中:感知光线、天气、土壤、竞争与持续时间,而不把这些关系集中于单一器官或意识宣言。

This distinction matters for contemporary art because it relocates knowledge from representation to responsiveness. A work does not know only by stating a concept. It can know through material behaviour, placement, maintenance and the way it changes when conditions change. Plant life therefore becomes a model for situated practice rather than a symbol of untouched nature.

这一区分对当代艺术具有意义,因为它把知识从再现转移到回应。作品并不只通过陈述观念来“知道”;材料行为、位置、维护,以及条件改变时作品如何改变,同样能够生产知识。因此植物生命成为在地实践的模型,而不是未受污染自然的象征。

FILMS + CONVERSATIONS / 相关影像与对话ZJ-01
02

The seed records environmental memory

种子记录环境记忆

'The Fatal Adaptability' turns the seed into a precise material argument. A dispersal form made in relation to wind and distance is not ornamental. It is stored environmental memory. When an urban setting contains, relocates or reproduces the plant through other means, continued survival may coincide with the loss of a capacity that once organised the species' relation to space.

《致命的适应能力》把种子转化为精确的物质论证。与风和距离共同形成的传播结构并非装饰,而是被储存的环境记忆。当城市环境通过容器、迁移或其他方式繁殖植物时,生命延续可能与曾经组织物种空间关系的能力丧失同时发生。

The record consequently separates persistence from flourishing. An organism can remain alive while its world narrows. Applied cautiously to social life, this makes 'resilience' a political question: who is expected to absorb disruption, which capacities are sacrificed so a system can continue, and who retains the power to alter the conditions rather than merely endure them?

资料由此区分“存续”与“繁盛”。生命体可以继续活着,同时其世界不断缩窄。谨慎地应用到社会生活,“韧性”便成为政治问题:谁被要求吸收破坏?为了让系统继续,哪些能力被牺牲?谁拥有改变条件而不只是忍受条件的权力?

FILMS + CONVERSATIONS / 相关影像与对话ZJ-02
03

Continuity needs more than unchanged matter

连续性不只需要不变材料

Captions about metabolism and the ship of Zheng He introduce a classic continuity problem through ordinary and historical bodies. If material components change at every moment, recognition cannot depend on unchanged substance alone. The ship caption proposes mission as an organising principle: if the purpose persists, perhaps the ship persists. Yet purpose can describe continuity without proving it.

关于新陈代谢与郑和之船的文案,通过日常身体与历史物件引入连续性难题。若物质组成每刻都在改变,识别就无法只依靠不变实体。船的文案把使命提出为组织原则:若目的持续,船或许仍然持续。然而,目的能够描述连续性,却不能自动证明连续性。

For an archive, the question becomes practical. A project may change medium, platform, collaborators and audience while retaining a research direction. Continuity is then produced by documented relations rather than visual sameness. At the same time, the archive must resist using a stable mission to conceal changes in authorship, responsibility or material consequence.

对档案而言,这一问题具有实践性。一个项目可以更换媒介、平台、合作者与观众,同时保留研究方向。连续性由被记录的关系生产,而不是由视觉相似性保证。但档案也必须避免借“稳定使命”掩盖作者关系、责任或材料后果的变化。

FILMS + CONVERSATIONS / 相关影像与对话ZJ-04
04

Destination does not replace proof

目的地不能替代证明

The conversation on consciousness places brain, heart, breath and destination in productive tension. Its strongest move is not to choose a mystical answer over a scientific one. It separates questions that measurement can address from questions of lived orientation, death and meaning that measurement does not exhaust. The 'destination' names a direction for inquiry, not evidence for a fixed location of consciousness.

关于意识的对话让大脑、心、呼吸与目的地保持生产性张力。它最有力的动作并不是用神秘答案取代科学答案,而是区分测量能够处理的问题,与测量无法穷尽的生活方向、死亡与意义问题。“目的地”命名研究方向,而不是意识固定位置的证据。

This distinction protects artistic research from two symmetrical errors: borrowing scientific vocabulary to manufacture authority, or dismissing evidence whenever it complicates experience. An open question is not an exemption from rigour. It is a commitment to state which claim belongs to which mode of knowing.

这一区分保护艺术研究免于两种对称错误:借科学词汇制造权威,或在证据使经验复杂化时排斥证据。开放问题不是严谨性的豁免,而是承诺说明每个主张属于何种知识方式。

FILMS + CONVERSATIONS / 相关影像与对话ZJ-03
05

From metaphor to curatorial method

从比喻到策展方法

The sequence moves from seed to city, cell to person, ship to mission and algorithm to creator. Such movement can become intellectually careless if similarity is treated as proof. We use one scale to generate a question for another while leaving the gap visible. The plant does not 'explain' the human; it makes human assumptions about intelligence and adaptation newly questionable.

系列在种子与城市、细胞与人、船与使命、算法与造物者之间移动。如果相似性被当作证明,这种移动很容易变得草率。我们用一个尺度为另一个尺度生成问题,同时让二者之间的间隙保持可见。植物并不“解释”人,而是让人类关于智能与适应的预设重新变得可疑。

As a curatorial procedure, this is a form of juxtaposition. Different records are not forced into one worldview; they are arranged so that an ecological detail can disturb a metaphysical certainty and a philosophical figure can return attention to material consequence. The archive's task is to preserve both the connection and the non-equivalence.

作为策展程序,这是一种并置。不同资料不被迫进入单一世界观,而被排列成一种关系:生态细节能够扰动形而上确定性,哲学形象又能把注意带回物质后果。档案的任务是同时保存连接与不等同。

FILMS + CONVERSATIONS / 影像与对话

Material behind this paper

这篇文章所使用的影像与对话

RELATED READING / 延伸阅读

Books and essays we place beside the conversation

我们与这组对话并置阅读的书与文章

  1. 01
    Ecology, Instinct and Adaptation / 生态、本能与适应Anna Lowenhaupt Tsing, The Mushroom at the End of the World, Princeton University Press, 2015.

    Reads collaborative survival inside landscapes already damaged by capitalist extraction.

    讨论资本开采已造成损害的景观中,协作性生存如何发生。

  2. 02
    Ecology, Instinct and Adaptation / 生态、本能与适应Georges Canguilhem, Knowledge of Life, Fordham University Press, 2008.

    Treats life as an active relation that establishes norms within a milieu.

    把生命理解为在环境中主动建立规范的关系。

  3. 03
    Ecology, Instinct and Adaptation / 生态、本能与适应Donna J. Haraway, Staying with the Trouble, Duke University Press, 2016.

    Offers situated response and multispecies relation instead of fantasies of technological rescue.

    以在地回应和多物种关系替代技术拯救幻想。

  4. 04
    Ecology, Instinct and Adaptation / 生态、本能与适应Tim Ingold, The Perception of the Environment, Routledge, 2000.

    Understands perception and skill as movement within environmental relations.

    把感知与技艺理解为环境关系中的移动。

  5. 05
    Ecology, Instinct and Adaptation / 生态、本能与适应Isabelle Stengers, In Catastrophic Times: Resisting the Coming Barbarism, Open Humanities Press, 2015.

    Questions resilience narratives that ask subjects to adjust without changing destructive systems.

    质疑要求主体适应、却不改变破坏性系统的韧性叙事。

  6. 06
    Mind, Body and Situated Consciousness / 心智、身体与在地意识Francisco J. Varela, Evan Thompson and Eleanor Rosch, The Embodied Mind, MIT Press, revised edition, 2016.

    Connects enactive cognition with lived experience and contemplative practice.

    连接生成认知、生活经验与观照实践。

  7. 07
    Mind, Body and Situated Consciousness / 心智、身体与在地意识Alva Noë, Action in Perception, MIT Press, 2004.

    Argues that perception depends on embodied capacities for action rather than passive inner representation.

    论证感知依赖身体行动能力,而不是被动的内在表征。

  8. 08
    Mind, Body and Situated Consciousness / 心智、身体与在地意识Evan Thompson, Mind in Life, Harvard University Press, 2007.

    Relates consciousness to autonomous, embodied and living organisation.

    把意识连接到自主、具身与生命组织。

  9. 09
    Material, Craft and Authority / 材料、技艺与权威Tim Ingold, Making: Anthropology, Archaeology, Art and Architecture, Routledge, 2013.

    Describes knowledge as correspondence with active materials rather than the imposition of a prior design.

    把知识理解为与活跃材料的对应,而非预设设计的强加。

  10. 10
    Material, Craft and Authority / 材料、技艺与权威Jane Bennett, Vibrant Matter, Duke University Press, 2010.

    Distributes agency across human and nonhuman material assemblages.

    把行动能力分布到人类与非人材料组装之间。

  11. 11
    Material, Craft and Authority / 材料、技艺与权威Yuk Hui, Art and Cosmotechnics, University of Minnesota Press, 2021.

    Places art and technology within plural cosmological and historical relations.

    把艺术与技术置于多元宇宙观和历史关系中。